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Al-Zahrawi

الزهراوي

Abbasid era (Al-Andalus) · 936–1013 CE

Often called the father of operative surgery; his encyclopedic Al-Tasrif shaped surgical practice for centuries.

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Al-Zahrawi, a 10th-century physician working in Al-Andalus, is often called the father of operative surgery for his detailed descriptions of surgical instruments and procedures in his encyclopedic medical text Al-Tasrif. Many of the surgical tools he described or invented remained in use, largely unchanged, for centuries after his death.